Energy 

Refugee influence on the natural resources is undoubtedly high since the day they cross borders. Mitigation and rehabilitation efforts however are insignificant compared to the damage done due to refugee activities.

Moreover, refugees chop trees to make their houses while their domestic energy consumption is 95% dependent on firewood collected from camp vicinities. Alternative energy supply to encamped refugees is low which impacts the relationship between hosting communities and refugees as both compete over limited natural resources.

Lack of adequate alternative energy supply has become a cause for recurrent problems including low land productivity, health and nutrition concerns, gender related abuses , declining forest cover and the associated effects on climatic conditions, among others. It is essential to encourage economical fuel consumption and ecological stoves (where applicable) that use less wood and cook food more fuel-efficiently.

There is limited supply of alternative source of energy for cooking such as kerosene and ethanol forcing refugees to rely on firewood leading to, sometimes, conflict among refugees and host communities as they try to collect firewood. It is important to fund electric power installation using the national grid that passes through some refugee camps. Future direction should be geared towards conservation and rehabilitation efforts through active participation of refugees and their hosts.

Environmental conservation activities include planting of exotic and indigenous trees as well as various soil and water conservation activities. The refugee and local community will be mobilized to support ongoing environmental protection activities.